General Information

  • ID:  hor006616
  • Uniprot ID:  P04089
  • Protein name:  Parathyroid hormone
  • Gene name:  Pth
  • Organism:  Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
  • Family:  Parathyroid hormone family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  Hypothalamus and parathyroid gland.
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:   Rattus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea , Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires , Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria , Eutheria , Theria , Mammalia (class), Amniota , Tetrapoda , Dipnotetrapodomorpha , Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi , Teleostomi , Gnathostomata , Vertebrata , Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia , Bilateria , Eumetazoa , Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta , Eukaryota (superkingdom),cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0031856 parathyroid hormone receptor binding; GO:0031857 type 1 parathyroid hormone receptor binding; GO:0048018 receptor ligand activity; GO:0051428 peptide hormone receptor binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0001503 ossification; GO:0006366 transcription by RNA polymerase II; GO:0006874 intracellular calcium ion homeostasis; GO:0007165 signal transduction; GO:0007189 adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; GO:0007266 Rho protein signal transduction; GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling; GO:0009059 macromolecule biosynthetic process; GO:0009410 response to xenobiotic stimulus; GO:0009967 positive regulation of signal transduction; GO:0010288 response to lead ion; GO:0010468 regulation of gene expression; GO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression; GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression; GO:0010960 magnesium ion homeostasis; GO:0030282 bone mineralization; GO:0030501 positive regulation of bone mineralization; GO:0031667 response to nutrient levels; GO:0032331 negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; GO:0033280 response to vitamin D; GO:0045453 bone resorption; GO:0045471 response to ethanol; GO:0045725 positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process; GO:0045778 positive regulation of ossification; GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; GO:0046326 positive regulation of glucose import; GO:0046686 response to cadmium ion; GO:0048873 homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue; GO:0055062 phosphate ion homeostasis; GO:0055074 calcium ion homeostasis; GO:0060732 positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process; GO:0071107 response to parathyroid hormone; GO:0071774 response to fibroblast growth factor; GO:0071864 positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow; GO:0071866 negative regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow cell; GO:0090290 positive regulation of osteoclast proliferation; GO:1900158 negative regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  AVSEIQLMHNLGKHLASVERMQWLRKKLQDVHNFVSLGVQMAAREGSYQRPTKKEENVLVDGNSKSLGEGDKADVDVLVKAKSQ
  • Length:  84
  • Propeptide:  MMSASTMAKVMILMLAVCLLTQADGKPVKKRAVSEIQLMHNLGKHLASVERMQWLRKKLQDVHNFVSLGVQMAAREGSYQRPTKKEENVLVDGNSKSLGEGDKADVDVLVKAKSQ
  • Signal peptide:  MMSASTMAKVMILMLAVCLLTQADG
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  PTH elevates calcium level by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion. Stimulates [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblastic cells (By similarity).
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  Pth1r, Pth2r
  • Target Unid:  P25961, P70555
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P04089-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor006616_AF2.pdbhor006616_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 1085338 Formula: C406H670N122O126S3
Absent amino acids: C Common amino acids: VKL
pI: 9.76 Basic residues: 16
Polar residues: 19 Hydrophobic residues: 28
Hydrophobicity: -57.98 Boman Index: -17592
Half-Life: 4.4 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 88.1
Instability Index: 3412.86 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 6990
Absorbance 280nm: 84.22

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  6321505
  • Title:  Gene encoding parathyroid hormone. Nucleotide sequence of the rat gene and deduced amino acid sequence of rat preproparathyroid hormone.
  • PubMed ID:  3628009
  • Title:  Nucleotide sequence of a full-length cDNA clone encoding preproparathyroid hormone from pig and rat.
  • PubMed ID:  7588314
  • Title:  Sequence analysis of hypothalamic parathyroid hormone messenger ribonucleic acid.