General Information

  • ID:  hor006402
  • Uniprot ID:  P13085
  • Protein name:  Osteostatin
  • Gene name:  Pthlh
  • Organism:  Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
  • Family:  Parathyroid hormone family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  NA
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:   Rattus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea , Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires , Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria , Eutheria , Theria , Mammalia (class), Amniota , Tetrapoda , Dipnotetrapodomorpha , Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi , Teleostomi , Gnathostomata , Vertebrata , Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia , Bilateria , Eumetazoa , Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta , Eukaryota (superkingdom),cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0051428 peptide hormone receptor binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0001501 skeletal system development; GO:0001958 endochondral ossification; GO:0002062 chondrocyte differentiation; GO:0002076 osteoblast development; GO:0007189 adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; GO:0007492 endoderm development; GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation; GO:0010468 regulation of gene expression; GO:0016485 protein processing; GO:0030282 bone mineralization; GO:0032330 regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; GO:0032331 negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; GO:0043129 surfactant homeostasis; GO:0048286 lung alveolus development; GO:0060487 lung epithelial cell differentiation; GO:0060649 mammary gland bud elongation; GO:0060659 nipple sheath formation; GO:0061182 negative regulation of chondrocyte development
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005634 nucleus; GO:0005737 cytoplasm

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  TRSAWPGTTGSGLLEDPQPHTSPTSTSLEPSSR
  • Length:  33
  • Propeptide:  MLRRLVQQWSVLVFLLSYSVPSRGRSVEGLGRRLKRAVSEHQLLHDKGKSIQDLRRRFFLHHLIAEIHTAEIRATSEVSPNSKPAPNTKNHPVRFGSDDEGRYLTQETNKVETYKEQPLKTPGKKKKGKPGKRREQEKKKRRTRSAWPGTTGSGLLEDPQPHTSPTSTSLEPSSRTH
  • Signal peptide:  MLRRLVQQWSVLVFLLSYSVPSRG
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Neuroendocrine peptide which is a critical regulator of cellular and organ growth, development, migration, differentiation and survival and of epithelial calcium ion transport. Regulates endochondral bone development and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during the formation of the mammary glands and teethRequired for skeletal homeostasis. Promotes mammary mesenchyme differentiation and bud outgrowth by modulating mesenchymal cell responsiveness to BMPs. Up-regulates BMPR1A expression in the mammary mesenchyme and this increases the sensitivity of these cells to BMPs and allows them to respond to BMP4 in a paracrine and/or autocrine fashion. BMP4 signaling in the mesenchyme, in turn, triggers epithelial outgrowth and augments MSX2 expression, which causes the mammary mesenchyme to inhibit hair follicle formation within the nipple sheath (By similarity).
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P13085-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)
  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
  •    hor006402_AF2.pdbhor006402_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 400958 Formula: C145H229N43O54
Absent amino acids: CFIKMNVY Common amino acids: S
pI: 5.55 Basic residues: 3
Polar residues: 16 Hydrophobic residues: 5
Hydrophobicity: -99.7 Boman Index: -7988
Half-Life: 7.2 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 38.48
Instability Index: 6975.15 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 5500
Absorbance 280nm: 171.88

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  3175653
  • Title:  Expression of a calcium-mobilizing parathyroid hormone-like peptide in lactating mammary tissue.
  • PubMed ID:  2747658
  • Title:  Rat parathyroid hormone-like peptide: comparison with the human homologue and expression in malignant and normal tissue.
  • PubMed ID:  2342478
  • Title:  Gene-encoding parathyroid hormone-like peptide: nucleotide sequence of the rat gene and comparison with the human homologue.