HORDB

General Information

ID: hor006120
Uniprot ID: P14200
Protein name: Neuropeptide-glycine-glutamic acid
Gene name: Pmch
Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Family: Melanin-concentrating hormone family
Source: animal
Expression: Inhibited by neurogenic stress or osmotic stress.|Expression is strongly increased in hypothalamus between postnatal days 12 and 20, to reach high constant values in adult.|MCH is present in all regions of the brain and in neurointermediate lobe of the pi
Disease: NA
Comments: NA
Taxonomy: Rattus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea, Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires, Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
GO MF: GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0030354 melanin-concentrating hormone activity; GO:0031777 type 1 melanin-concentrating hormone receptor binding
GO BP: GO:0002027 regulation of heart rate; GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway; GO:0007268 chemical synaptic transmission; GO:0007595 lactation; GO:0007611 learning or memory; GO:0007631 feeding behavior; GO:0032227 negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic; GO:0042756 drinking behavior; GO:0045776 negative regulation of blood pressure; GO:0046005 positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep; GO:0048168 regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity
GO CC: GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0005634 nucleus; GO:0045202 synapse

Sequence Information

Sequence: GPAVFPAENGVQNTESTQE
Length: 19
Propeptide: MAKMSLSSYMLMLAFSLFSHGILLSASKSIRNVEDDIVFNTFRMGKAFQKEDTAERSVVAPSLEGYKNDESGFMKDDDDKTTKNTGSKQNLVTHGLPLSLAVKPYLALKGPAVFPAENGVQNTESTQEKREIGDEENSAKFPIGRRDFDMLRCMLGRVYRPCWQV
Signal peptide: MAKMSLSSYMLMLAFSLFSHG
Modification: NA
Glycosylation: NA
Mutagenesis: NA

Activity

Function: MCH inhibits ACTH secretion at the end of the light on period which corresponds to the peak of the circadian rhythm in ACTH. Inhibits also stress induced ACTH release during the light off period of the cycle. Involved as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in a broad array of neuronal functions. Stimulates sexual behavior when injected into the ventromedial nucleus, this effect is antagonized by NEI. In the medial preoptic area, stimulates anxiety and sexual behavior. Antagonizes inhibitory effect of melanotropin alpha on exploration behavior.; NEI can influence differentiation of neuronal processes in brain neurons. Affects the content of neurofilament protein in neuritogenesis (in vitro). May also be a neuromodulatory factor. In behavioral tests, it stimulates exploration and anxiety when injected into the ventromedial nucleus. Also stimulates grooming, locomotion and rearing. May antagonize the inhibitory effect of mch on ACTH release. Reduces dopamine and dopac release in the ventromedial nucleus.
Mechanism: NA
Cross BBB: NA
Target: Mchr1
Target Unid: P97639
IC50: NA
EC50: NA
ED50: NA
kd: NA
Half life: NA

Structure

Disulfide bond: NA
Structure ID: AF-P14200-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)

hor006120_AF2.pdb

hor006120_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass:	229629	Formula:	C83H127N23O33
Absent amino acids:	CDHIKLMRWY	Common amino acids:	E
pI:	3.47	Basic residues:	0
Polar residues:	7	Hydrophobic residues:	5
Hydrophobicity:	-83.68	Boman Index:	-3677
Half-Life:	30 hour	Half-Life Yeast:	>20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli:	>10 hour	Aliphatic Index	41.05
Instability Index:	5394.74	Extinction Coefficient cystines:	0
Absorbance 280nm:	0

Literature

PubMed ID: 2477226
Title: The rat melanin-concentrating hormone messenger ribonucleic acid encodes multiple putative neuropeptides coexpressed in the dorsolateral hypothalamus.
PubMed ID: 2261081
Title: Nucleotide sequence and tissue-specific expression of the rat melanin concentrating hormone gene.
PubMed ID: 2759038
Title: Characterization of melanin-concentrating hormone from rat hypothalamus.
PubMed ID: 7783849
Title: Pro-melanin concentrating hormone messenger ribonucleic acid and peptides expression in peripheral tissues of the rat.
PubMed ID: 8593803
Title: Similarities in cellular expression and functions of melanin-concentrating hormone and atrial natriuretic factor in the rat digestive tract.
PubMed ID: 7617126
Title: Melanin-concentrating hormone in human and rat.
PubMed ID: 1327720
Title: Secretion of melanin-concentrating hormone and neuropeptide-EI from cultured rat hypothalamic cells.
PubMed ID: 10037747
Title: Cellular localization and role of prohormone convertases in the processing of pro-melanin concentrating hormone in mammals.
PubMed ID: 7647772
Title: Neuropeptide-E-I antagonizes the action of melanin-concentrating hormone on stress-induced release of adrenocorticotropin in the rat.
PubMed ID: 9700748
Title: Behavioral effects of neuropeptide E-I (NEI) in the female rat: interactions with alpha-MSH, MCH and dopamine.
PubMed ID: 9809645
Title: Melanocortin and MCH precursor-derived NEI effects on striatum-midbrain co-cultures.