General Information

  • ID:  hor005572
  • Uniprot ID:  Q9EQ21
  • Protein name:  Hepcidin
  • Gene name:  Hamp
  • Organism:  Mus musculus (Mouse)
  • Family:  Hepcidin family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  Regulated in response to changes in circulating iron concentrations, iron stores or the development of inflammation and iron-restricted erythropoiesis. Down-regulated following anemia induced by hemorrhage or hemolysis: down-regulation is mediated by ERFE
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Mus (subgenus), Mus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea, Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires, Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005102 signaling receptor binding; GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0005507 copper ion binding; GO:0097690 iron ion transmembrane transporter inhibitor activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0000122 negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; GO:0002092 positive regulation of receptor internalization; GO:0002262 myeloid cell homeostasis; GO:0006366 transcription by RNA polymerase II; GO:0006879 intracellular iron ion homeostasis; GO:0006954 inflammatory response; GO:0007259 receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT; GO:0010039 response to iron ion; GO:0030163 protein catabolic process; GO:0031640 killing of cells of another organism; GO:0031668 cellular response to extracellular stimulus; GO:0034755 iron ion transmembrane transport; GO:0034760 negative regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport; GO:0042116 macrophage activation; GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium; GO:0043032 positive regulation of macrophage activation; GO:0045732 positive regulation of protein catabolic process; GO:0045779 negative regulation of bone resorption; GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; GO:0050728 negative regulation of inflammatory response; GO:0050829 defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; GO:0050830 defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; GO:0050832 defense response to fungus; GO:0051649 establishment of localization in cell; GO:0060586 multicellular organismal-level iron ion homeostasis; GO:0061051 positive regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development; GO:0061844 antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide; GO:1902916 positive regulation of protein polyubiquitination; GO:1904039 negative regulation of iron export across plasma membrane; GO:1904479 negative regulation of intestinal absorption; GO:2000646 positive regulation of receptor catabolic process
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0005634 nucleus; GO:0014704 intercalated disc; GO:0045179 apical cortex

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  DTNFPICIFCCKCCNNSQCGICCKT
  • Length:  25
  • Propeptide:  MALSTRTQAACLLLLLLASLSSTTYLHQQMRQTTELQPLHGEESRADIAIPMQKRRKRDTNFPICIFCCKCCNNSQCGICCKT
  • Signal peptide:  MALSTRTQAACLLLLLLASLSST
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Liver-produced hormone that constitutes the main circulating regulator of iron absorption and distribution across tissues. Acts by promoting endocytosis and degradation of ferroportin, leading to the retention of iron in iron-exporting cells and decreased flow of iron into plasma. Controls the major flows of iron into plasma: absorption of dietary iron in the intestine, recycling of iron by macrophages, which phagocytose old erythrocytes and other cells, and mobilization of stored iron from hepatocytes.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  7-23; 10-13; 11-19; 14-22
  • Structure ID:  AF-P83627-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor005572_AF2.pdbhor005572_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 319059 Formula: C111H177N31O35S8
Absent amino acids: AEHLMRVWY Common amino acids: C
pI: 7.61 Basic residues: 2
Polar residues: 15 Hydrophobic residues: 5
Hydrophobicity: 38.4 Boman Index: -2192
Half-Life: 1.1 hour Half-Life Yeast: 3 min
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 46.8
Instability Index: 20 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 500
Absorbance 280nm: 20.83

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  11113132
  • Title:  A new mouse liver-specific gene, encoding a protein homologous to human antimicrobial peptide hepcidin, is overexpressed during iron overload.
  • PubMed ID:  11447267
  • Title:  Lack of hepcidin gene expression and severe tissue iron overload in upstream stimulatory factor 2 (USF2) knockout mice.
  • PubMed ID:  12729891
  • Title:  Comparative analysis of mouse hepcidin 1 and 2 genes: evidence for different patterns of expression and co-inducibility during iron overload.
  • PubMed ID:  24880340
  • Title:  Identification of erythroferrone as an erythroid regulator of iron metabolism.