General Information

  • ID:  hor004247
  • Uniprot ID:  P20396
  • Protein name:  Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
  • Gene name:  TRH
  • Organism:  Homo sapiens (Human)
  • Family:  TRH family
  • Source:  Human
  • Expression:  Hypothalamus. Expressed in the hair follicle epithelium (at protein level).
  • Disease:  Diseases associated with TRH include Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Deficiency and Endogenous Depression.
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Homo (genus), Homininae (subfamily), Hominidae (family), Hominoidea (superfamily), Catarrhini (parvorder), Simiiformes (infraorder), Haplorrhini (suborder), Primates (order), Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0005515 protein binding; GO:0008437 thyrotropin-releasing hormone activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0001692 histamine metabolic process; GO:0007165 signal transduction; GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling; GO:0007628 adult walking behavior; GO:0009755 hormone-mediated signaling pathway; GO:0014050 negative regulation of glutamate secretion; GO:0014054 positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion; GO:0032024 positive regulation of insulin secretion; GO:0042755 eating behavior
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0030141 secretory granule

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  QHP
  • Length:  3
  • Propeptide:  MPGPWLLLALALTLNLTGVPGGRAQPEAAQQEAVTAAEHPGLDDFLRQVERLLFLRENIQRLQGDQGEHSASQIFQSDWLSKRQHPGKREEEEEEGVEEEEEEEGGAVGPHKRQHPGRREDEASWSVDVTQHKRQHPGRRSPWLAYAVPKRQHPGRRLADPKAQRSWEEEEEEEEREEDLMPEKRQHPGKRALGGPCGPQGAYGQAGLLLGLLDDLSRSQGAEEKRQHPGRRAAWVREPLEE
  • Signal peptide:  MPGPWLLLALALTLNLTGVPGGRA
  • Modification:  T3 Proline amide
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  As a component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, it controls the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and is involved in thyroid hormone synthesis regulation. It also operates as modulator of hair growth. It promotes hair-shaft elongation, prolongs the hair cycle growth phase (anagen) and antagonizes its termination (catagen) by TGFB2. It stimulates proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of hair matrix keratinocytes.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  YES
  • Target:  TRHR
  • Target Unid:  P34981
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: ~20 minutes; /1200 seconds ( PubMed ID: 17498958 )

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P20396-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor004247_AF2.pdbhor004247_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 41626 Formula: C16H24N6O5
Absent amino acids: ACDEFGIKLMNRSTVWY Common amino acids: HPQ
pI: 7.55 Basic residues: 1
Polar residues: 0 Hydrophobic residues: 0
Hydrophobicity: -276.67 Boman Index: -1020
Half-Life: 0.8 hour Half-Life Yeast: 10 min
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 0
Instability Index: -293.33 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 0
Absorbance 280nm: 0

Literature