General Information

  • ID:  hor003533
  • Uniprot ID:  O55232
  • Protein name:  Orexin-A
  • Gene name:  HCRT
  • Organism:  Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
  • Family:  Orexin family
  • Source:  Animal
  • Expression:  By nutritional state, up-regulated by fasting, fluid deprivation and insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Orexin-A immunoreactivity varies diurnally and peaks during the dark phase, in the pons and the location of locus coeruleus. |Detected in the brain as early
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Rattus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea, Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires, Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005184 neuropeptide hormone activity; GO:0031771 type 1 orexin receptor binding; GO:0031772 type 2 orexin receptor binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0001659 temperature homeostasis; GO:0001662 behavioral fear response; GO:0007200 phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; GO:0007205 protein kinase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway; GO:0007631 feeding behavior; GO:0008156 negative regulation of DNA replication; GO:0030431 sleep; GO:0042594 response to starvation; GO:0042755 eating behavior; GO:0043267 negative regulation of potassium ion transport; GO:0046928 regulation of neurotransmitter secretion; GO:0051209 release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; GO:0051928 positive regulation of calcium ion transport; GO:0051970 negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse; GO:0051971 positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse; GO:0060079 excitatory postsynaptic potential; GO:0120162 positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis
  • GO CC:  GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum; GO:0005791 rough endoplasmic reticulum; GO:0030141 secretory granule; GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle; GO:0045202 synapse; GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm; GO:0098794 postsynapse

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  QPLPDCCRQKTCSCRLYELLHGAGNHAAGILTL
  • Length:  33(33-65)
  • Propeptide:  MNLPSTKVPWAAVTLLLLLLLPPALLSLGVDAQPLPDCCRQKTCSCRLYELLHGAGNHAAGILTLGKRRPGPPGLQGRLQRLLQANGNHAAGILTMGRRAGAELEPYPCPGRRCPTATATALAPRGGSRV
  • Signal peptide:  MNLPSTKVPWAAVTLLLLLLLPPALLSLGVDA
  • Modification:  T1 Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid;T33 Leucine amide
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  play a significant role in the regulation of food intake and sleep-wakefulness, possibly by coordinating the complex behavioral and physiologic responses of these complementary homeostatic functions. A broader role in the homeostatic regulation of energy
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  Hcrtr1, Hcrtr2
  • Target Unid:  P56718, P56719
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  6-12; 7-14
  • Structure ID:  AF-O55232-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor003533_AF2.pdbhor003533_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 415418 Formula: C152H249N47O45S4
Absent amino acids: FMVW Common amino acids: L
pI: 7.95 Basic residues: 5
Polar residues: 12 Hydrophobic residues: 10
Hydrophobicity: -6.06 Boman Index: -3883
Half-Life: 0.8 hour Half-Life Yeast: 10 min
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 91.82
Instability Index: 2749.09 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 1740
Absorbance 280nm: 54.38

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  9491897
  • Title:  Orexins and Orexin Receptors: A Family of Hypothalamic Neuropeptides and G Protein-Coupled Receptors That Regulate Feeding Behavior