General Information

  • ID:  hor002298
  • Uniprot ID:  P14200
  • Protein name:  Melanin-concentrating hormone
  • Gene name:  Pmch
  • Organism:  Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
  • Family:  Melanin-concentrating hormone family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  Inhibited by neurogenic stress or osmotic stress.|Expression is strongly increased in hypothalamus between postnatal days 12 and 20, to reach high constant values in adult.|MCH is present in all regions of the brain and in neurointermediate lobe of the pi
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Rattus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea, Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires, Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0030354 melanin-concentrating hormone activity; GO:0031777 type 1 melanin-concentrating hormone receptor binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0002027 regulation of heart rate; GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway; GO:0007268 chemical synaptic transmission; GO:0007595 lactation; GO:0007611 learning or memory; GO:0007631 feeding behavior; GO:0032227 negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic; GO:0042756 drinking behavior; GO:0045776 negative regulation of blood pressure; GO:0046005 positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep; GO:0048168 regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0005634 nucleus; GO:0045202 synapse

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  EIGDEENSAKFPIG
  • Length:  14
  • Propeptide:  MAKMSLSSYMLMLAFSLFSHGILLSASKSIRNVEDDIVFNTFRMGKAFQKEDTAERSVVAPSLEGYKNDESGFMKDDDDKTTKNTGSKQNLVTHGLPLSLAVKPYLALKGPAVFPAENGVQNTESTQEKREIGDEENSAKFPIGRRDFDMLRCMLGRVYRPCWQV
  • Signal peptide:  MAKMSLSSYMLMLAFSLFSHG
  • Modification:  T13 Isoleucine amide
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  MCH inhibits ACTH secretion at the end of the light on period which corresponds to the peak of the circadian rhythm in ACTH. Inhibits also stress induced ACTH release during the light off period of the cycle. Involved as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in a broad array of neuronal functions. Stimulates sexual behavior when injected into the ventromedial nucleus, this effect is antagonized by NEI. In the medial preoptic area, stimulates anxiety and sexual behavior. Antagonizes inhibitory effect of melanotropin alpha on exploration behavior.; NEI can influence differentiation of neuronal processes in brain neurons. Affects the content of neurofilament protein in neuritogenesis (in vitro). May also be a neuromodulatory factor. In behavioral tests, it stimulates exploration and anxiety when injected into the ventromedial nucleus. Also stimulates grooming, locomotion and rearing. May antagonize the inhibitory effect of mch on ACTH release. Reduces dopamine and dopac release in the ventromedial nucleus.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  Mchr1
  • Target Unid:  P97639
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P14200-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor002298_AF2.pdbhor002298_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 173766 Formula: C65H100N16O25
Absent amino acids: CHLMQRTVWY Common amino acids: E
pI: 3.78 Basic residues: 1
Polar residues: 4 Hydrophobic residues: 4
Hydrophobicity: -78.57 Boman Index: -2823
Half-Life: 1 hour Half-Life Yeast: 30 min
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 62.86
Instability Index: 5944.29 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 0
Absorbance 280nm: 0

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  23410195
  • Title:  Neurotoxin-Induced Neuropeptide Perturbations in Striatum of Neonatal Rats